Narrative:

In cruise (after takeoff) was flying at 10,000' autoplt on. Controller cleared us to turn to 270 degree heading and climb to FL230. Captain (not flying) read back 'heading 270 degree FL230' and I initiated climb after arming heading select and altitude arm. Just below 12,000' controller asked why we were not at 10,000. Captain said he (the controller) had cleared us to FL230. Controller told us to immediately descend back to 10,000'. I immediately descended to 10,000' at approximately 2500-3000' descent rate. No further discussion or directions from controller except a frequency change. There is absolutely no doubt in my mind the captain read back 'turn to heading 270 degree climb to FL230' with our call sign.

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Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: FLT CREW BELIEVED THEY RECEIVED CLRNC TO TURN AND BEGIN CLIMB, READ BACK SAME AND COMPLIED. ATC DID NOT ACKNOWLEDGE READBACK AND DID NOT INTEND FOR ACFT TO CLIMB.

Narrative: IN CRUISE (AFTER TKOF) WAS FLYING AT 10,000' AUTOPLT ON. CTLR CLRED US TO TURN TO 270 DEG HDG AND CLIMB TO FL230. CAPT (NOT FLYING) READ BACK 'HDG 270 DEG FL230' AND I INITIATED CLIMB AFTER ARMING HDG SELECT AND ALT ARM. JUST BELOW 12,000' CTLR ASKED WHY WE WERE NOT AT 10,000. CAPT SAID HE (THE CTLR) HAD CLRED US TO FL230. CTLR TOLD US TO IMMEDIATELY DSND BACK TO 10,000'. I IMMEDIATELY DESCENDED TO 10,000' AT APPROX 2500-3000' DSCNT RATE. NO FURTHER DISCUSSION OR DIRECTIONS FROM CTLR EXCEPT A FREQ CHANGE. THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO DOUBT IN MY MIND THE CAPT READ BACK 'TURN TO HDG 270 DEG CLIMB TO FL230' WITH OUR CALL SIGN.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of August 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.