Small aircraft returns to land at departure airport as he experiences a severe electrical short in his primary electrical supply.

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Attributes
ACN	147145
Time
Date	199005
Day	Fri
Local Time Of Day	1801 To 2400
Place
Locale Reference	airport : ccr
State Reference	CA
Altitude	agl bound lower : 0 agl bound upper : 2500
Environment
Flight Conditions	VMC
Light	Night
Aircraft 1
Controlling Facilities	tracon : oak
Operator	general aviation : instructional
Make Model Name	Small Aircraft, High Wing, 1 Eng, Fixed Gear
Flight Phase	climbout : intermediate altitude cruise other
Route In Use	approach : visual departure other
Flight Plan	VFR
Person 1
Affiliation	Other
Function	flight crew : single pilot
Qualification	pilot : atp
Experience	flight time last 90 days : 200 flight time total : 2700 flight time type : 200
ASRS Report	147145
Person 2
Affiliation	government : faa
Function	controller : approach
Qualification	controller : radar
Events
Anomaly	aircraft equipment problem : critical
Independent Detector	other flight crewa
Resolutory Action	flight crew : declared emergency other
Consequence	Other
Supplementary
Primary Problem	Aircraft

Narrative:

ATC advised me aircraft transponder was not squawking correct code. I rechked and verified my transponder code was set as requested. It was. I recycled as requested and it still was not correct. After switching from radar service I began experiencing an electrical problem. Severe discharge on ammeter. Sparks were coming from engine compartment. I was able to return to concord airport and make a safe landing. No fire was evident at time.

Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: SMA RETURNS TO LAND AT DEP ARPT AS HE EXPERIENCES A SEVERE ELECTRICAL SHORT IN HIS PRIMARY ELECTRICAL SUPPLY.

Narrative: ATC ADVISED ME ACFT XPONDER WAS NOT SQUAWKING CORRECT CODE. I RECHKED AND VERIFIED MY XPONDER CODE WAS SET AS REQUESTED. IT WAS. I RECYCLED AS REQUESTED AND IT STILL WAS NOT CORRECT. AFTER SWITCHING FROM RADAR SVC I BEGAN EXPERIENCING AN ELECTRICAL PROB. SEVERE DISCHARGE ON AMMETER. SPARKS WERE COMING FROM ENG COMPARTMENT. I WAS ABLE TO RETURN TO CONCORD ARPT AND MAKE A SAFE LNDG. NO FIRE WAS EVIDENT AT TIME.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.