Narrative:

When I came back to the airport for landing; I was cleared to land on 4L. [This airport] has two parallel runways 4L-22R and 4R-22L. On left base for 4L; tower advised me that 'we wanna prior departure to your arrival'; but I couldn't hear it so asked tower to 'say again'. Tower advised me once again; but still I couldn't understand. I'd like to try to confirm again; but couldn't because ATC was busy. I thought that tower gave me the traffic information so I started searching. While I was searching the traffic; I lost situational awareness and delayed to start turning to final; so I lined up with wrong runway; 4R. At the same time; I mistakenly assume that the runway in front of me was the runway given a clearance to land and continued. As a result; a very near miss with a king air on final for 4R. Tower called for immediate correction and instructed go-around and I followed it and returned to the pattern for 4L and landed.I thought that there are mainly two reasons why this event happens.1. I concentrated on searching traffic excessively because I got scared that I couldn't hear the advisory that tower gave me. I wrongly prioritized what I should have done.2. Although I read back the clearance '4L cleared to land'; I was convinced that tower gave me the clearance for 4R somewhere in my mind because my parking spot is near runway 4R.to prevent a recurrence; it is important for me to correctly prioritize what I have to do and be convinced and always confirm carefully. In this case; I should have turned to final instead of concentrat[ing] on searching [for] traffic and I should have identified and confirmed the runway more carefully.

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Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: A student pilot reported a near-mid-air-collision while attempting to confirm ATC instructions which led to lining up for the incorrect parallel runway.

Narrative: When I came back to the airport for landing; I was cleared to land on 4L. [This airport] has two parallel runways 4L-22R and 4R-22L. On left base for 4L; Tower advised me that 'We wanna prior departure to your arrival'; but I couldn't hear it so asked Tower to 'say again'. Tower advised me once again; but still I couldn't understand. I'd like to try to confirm again; but couldn't because ATC was busy. I thought that Tower gave me the traffic information so I started searching. While I was searching the traffic; I lost situational awareness and delayed to start turning to final; so I lined up with wrong runway; 4R. At the same time; I mistakenly assume that the runway in front of me was the runway given a clearance to land and continued. As a result; a very near miss with a King Air on final for 4R. Tower called for immediate correction and instructed go-around and I followed it and returned to the pattern for 4L and landed.I thought that there are mainly two reasons why this event happens.1. I concentrated on searching traffic excessively because I got scared that I couldn't hear the advisory that Tower gave me. I wrongly prioritized what I should have done.2. Although I read back the clearance '4L cleared to land'; I was convinced that Tower gave me the clearance for 4R somewhere in my mind because my parking spot is near Runway 4R.To prevent a recurrence; it is important for me to correctly prioritize what I have to do and be convinced and always confirm carefully. In this case; I should have turned to final instead of concentrat[ing] on searching [for] traffic and I should have identified and confirmed the runway more carefully.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.